Saturday, December 23, 2006

Copenhagen

I'm sitting in the "Sleep-In-Heaven" hostel in Copenhagen... heaven might be a stretch, but it does have a nice atmosphere. I got into town at 11 this morning, ate lunch, and have been walking around for the last five hours. It's the last big shopping day before Christmas (most of the shops here will be closed tomorrow / Sunday / Christmas eve) so there were a LOT of people out in the shopping areas. And it's so nice here -- not everything is overdone for Christmas... there are some people peddling music on the sidewalks, and lots of "god jul" signs... but beyond that, it's not the "Christmas-from-hell" that so often pervades the holiday on the other side of the Atlantic. And it probably helps that I think I sat by Ms. Claus on the train this morning -- this jolly old woman with white hair and a bright red coat sat across the aisle from me.

Walking around this city, one truly has a sense for the history it has... the buildings are big, old, and stone. Most people live in apartments or condos... only a few single-family homes are in the city, and those that are have little if any lawn... the housing situation contributes to the feeling that people are just passing through the city -- and that the city itself is timeless. While the items sold in the shops might be a little (or a lot!) different now than they were several generations ago, the shops, the streets, and ultimately the people probably haven't changed a whole lot.

I think the timelessness of the city and the way some things don't seem to change make it harder for us to be aware of the other changes that we are having on the world... the impact of 6.5 billion people is quite a bit greater than the impact of 2 billion people (like it was 60 years ago) on the earth.

I'll be up early tomorrow morning in order to get to the airport... will try to catch the 6:19 bus to be at the airport a little after 7:00 to depart on a 9:00 flight... then spend 9 hours on the plane, but arrive in Atlanta at noon. Sounds like a long day!!

Merry Christmas!

Friday, December 15, 2006

Catching up

I have a bit of catching up to do, it seems...

Starting with tonight's festivities -- at 5:30 today several of us went to a special "Lucia" performance... From what I understand, Lucia is the saint of light and there is a big ceremony involving candles and singing that the children put on every year around this time. I must admit that I didn't fully grasp the history, but it is rooted in Christianity... And they sang several songs -- I recognized a few of the melodies and the words to the two they sang in English: "We Wish You a Merry Christmas" and "Jingle Bells".

Class this week has been focused on our presentations for the Strategic Management class. My group's presentation focused on the Madison Children's Museum -- an organization that Antoine, Heidi, and I have been working with for the past several weeks. We presented our proposed business goals, including the adoption of a procurement process that aided an organization in more thoughtfully considering all of the things that it purchases in order to provide its services. We gave our presentation yesterday; it went quite well and I'm glad to have it finished so that I can sit back and watch other groups give their presentations. And there are some interesting ones!

Other groups have chosen to create potential sustainability-focused business plans for organizations like ADM (Archer Daniels Midland -- the business that earns government subsidies to the tune of $2.85 for every person in the US each year!), Coca-Cola, and BPH -- an (I think Australian?) mining company. I mention this because it's so easy to become quite angry with these businesses when you look at it from a whole systems perspective and see the damage they are doing... And at the same time, it's important to remember that it is intelligent people that are running these companies, and that they are only doing what is best for the situation that they are operating in -- a situation in which they are first and foremost responsible to shareholders to earn the best return on their investments.

As I think this through, I begin to realize that if people are going to act in their own best interest, then we need to find a way to help people realize what really is in their best interest... For the LONG term. It seems like influencing laws and regulations might be a key way to do that -- to adjust subsidies and taxes to encourage businesses directly or indirectly to work in a way that will allow us to be around for the long term. And since the government is the body that sets these laws, regulations, taxes, and subsidies... Perhaps the government is the leverage point. And the governement is - at least in the US - made of the people, right? It's this systems perspective -- this idea that things operate in a circle rather than a line -- that makes it so challenging to know where and how best to intervene.

There are several morales in this story... the most important, however, I continue to learn the hard way: that the vast majority of people aren't silly, but rather they are operating in ways that they believe to be in their own self-interest. It's kind of like with traffic -- we have traffic jams because people want to drive the speed at which they are most comfortable... and it may range from 40 to 80 mph... Even though we would have far fewer traffic jams and accidents if everyone would drive 55. If you're in a helicopter looking down at traffic during rush hour, you see how silly it is...but you don't have much control over it. Looking at the way people treat the earth - and each other - is much the same: when you take time to step back and think and begin to undertand, you realize how silly so much of what we do really is... but people are habitual creatures, and it's so hard to change.

Someday I'm going to make some great diagrams and analogies that explain this all much more clearly. For now... You'll just have to do the best you can to undertstand my pieced-together thoughts.

Monday, December 4, 2006

Someone has to lose...

My shower thought for this morning: As long as America thinks that someone else has to lose in order for us to win, we're screwed. As soon as we wake up to the reality that in order for one to win we all have to win we'll be ok. It really is that simple. It might mean that some can't win quite as large as they might otherwise have won... but what do the good guys do when they win big anyway? They give away their winnings. Hmmm.

Monday, November 27, 2006

Thanksgiving

Daniel Patrick Moynihan once said: "Everyone is entitled to their own opinions, but they are not entitled to their own facts." I came across this quotation when reading an article from a British politician talking about the survival of humanity being at stake as it relates to global warming. Interesting perspective... it seems as if politicians in the UK are as apt as those in the US to disregard... and when disregarding doesn't work, to ignore... facts about climate change. It really is too bad.

I've noticed something in my class of late that may be a small example of what's going on in the world. As a class, we have a broad range of knowledge with experts from many different areas. And yet somehow, as a group, we aren't all that productive... we certainly don't act as an intelligent group when it comes to getting things accomplished. It's a bit frustrating and very ironic considering that the first week of lectures emphasized the need for groups of people to have a framework -- for a way to frame our thoughts -- so that the group isn't stupid, but rather can draw upon each individual's wisdom to enhance the group.

Instead of realizing this, however, we use 20 of our 30 minutes set aside for a class meeting to debate the merits of having a world map on our classroom wall... and after figuring out that no one is really against such a map, though only a few people are strongly in favor of one... we launch into a discussion about whether to buy the map or rely on the talents of those in the class to draw a map.

Alas, much like the world today is drowning in facts about climate change... not to mention war, terrorism, and avian flu... our class debate about the world map ended with no clear conclusion, though I think we did delegate to a few people who were most interested in putting up a map.

So what's my point? I'm not even sure... it got lost somewhere along the way. But the next time you're working on something as part of a large group, take time to observe what's happening -- whether the group on a whole acts smarter or dumber than the individuals in the group. Chances are... that unless there is a framework -- a shared way of thinking about the topic at hand... the group will be dumb.

All was not lost during that class meeting, however... because I've walked away with one particularly interesting factoid: during the week leading up to the US's Thanksgiving holiday 45,000,000 turkeys were prepared to serve as dinner. That's one for (about) every 6.5 people in the US. Speaking of Thanksgiving, turkeys are apparently hard to come by here in Sweden... so we ate chicken... on Saturday (we were in class all day on Thursday).

Tonight our class is putting on a dinner: "World On A Plate" -- we will have representatives from 16 countries preparing dishes that are representative of their country, and then are selling tickets to other students across campus to come and receive a small portion from each of the countries. It will be interesting to see how many people come -- we'll have food for about 200, so hopefully it will be close to that!

Sunday, November 19, 2006

Vertical farming

Vertical farming is an idea that my "Engineering for a Sustainable Technosphere" class is looking into over the next month. Lots of info available at www.verticalfarm.com. The idea is basically that multi-story buildings can be used in urban areas to grow food -- perhaps enough to feed 50,000 people 2,000 calories/day… in a building with a footprint the size of one city block. From a sustainability perspective, if this is possible it could be a phenomonal step toward reducing transportation costs (dollars and environment-related) of food. Somewhere I was reading that the cost of transporting lettuce from California (where over 80% of the US's lettuce is grown) to New York is about $.43 per pound. But if a pound of lettuce can be grown in a hydroponics greenhouse in New York for $.27 (vs. .$20/lb in CA) -- then there's a huge net savings. Here's a story about a non-profit in Winnipeg, Canada -- http://www.maximumyield.com/article171.htm -- it started when a high school teacher was disappointed in the quality of food available to students and decided to start growing food. It's interesting to think about the potential implications to Iowa farmers who rely on big equipment and massive inputs of fossil fuels -- both for machinery, and also for fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. My assumption has been that any method for growing food that relied less on fossil fuels would necessarily have to be more reliant upon human labor… but this company http://www.organitech.com/index.php?page_id=1 seems to be doing massive automation of the farming… so of like the assembly process I saw at the Volvo truck plant two weeks ago. Certainly there are many issues and considerations to be worked out with such a massive transition in agricultural process, but it's something to keep an eye on.


My own hydroponics experiment has not been faring so well… my water got a little acidic last week and caused my best plants to die. I'd added nutrient solution to the water and didn't check the ph immediately afterwards… within 4 hours of the water cycling to the plants, it was clear that something was not right… and before I could find baking soda to add to the water to bring the ph back up… my best pepper and two best tomato plants crashed… and they haven't come back yet. So. Oops. I'm a bit frustrated with the whole process, in part because of my lack of space… "the garden" takes up 1/3 of my bedroom… with another third going to my desk and the final third to my bed… there just isn't my space for experimentation. I'll look forward to relocation in the future to a place that is my suitable to such experiments. I do have a (yes, one) spinach plant that is starting to show some potential… as in there are new leaves in the last two days… so I'm going to keep my fingers crossed that it picks up the growth pace a little and provides me some inspiration to continue.

Monday, November 13, 2006

Two Americas

Last week's mid-term elections in the US deserves a few comments... largely because it coincides with my reading of "Confessions of an Economic Hit Man" written John Perkins. He talks about how the US has, over the last several decades, cheated poor countries out of trillions of dollars by lending them more money than they could ever pay back... and how a handful of very large consulting companies collaborate with the government to do so. Read the transcript of an interview with John Perkins at http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=04/11/09/1526251

I also seem to be coming across more and more articles like this one: http://www.hnn.us/articles/1244.html that discuss the ultra-conservative collaboration of a few people that are working to influence public opinion in the US, which as we've seen over the last several years, can widely influence the world.

These things are important because the information that the American public receives is being hijacked. How many people believe that the US is sincerely trying to make the world a better place by 'giving' aid to 'developing' countries? Sadly, most believe this... and dismiss the instances during the 1950's - 1980's in Guatemala, Panama, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, and so on - as situations in which the US rode in on the white horse.

Unfortunately, the white horse was actually a black horse (maybe it walked through some chemical hastily approved by the EPA that turned it white??) that brought little positive benefit to these countries... while they may have an infrastructure for power now, any and all income they have goes to pay debt occurred to finance the installation of that infrastructure.

This is a problem to America because -- well, basically "what goes around comes around." Somewhere along the way, America quit following the golden rule. While the majority of Americans may (or may not) still live by this basic rule -- the country itself does not. America's greed is eroding the world from the inside out. Our founding fathers fought against the very tyranny that we now impose upon the world… oh, how short our memories. Are we so stuck upon ourselves? So limited in our perspective? So incapable of taking a step back to see the world in its entirety?

I titled this entry "Two Americas" because I believe that is what we have. We have one America that is driven by corporate profit -- greed -- that lives under the premise that more is better. This America is blinded by power and money -- and never has enough of either. This America is ignorant of the rest of the world's power and influence; this world sits at the pinnacle of an empire.

The other America is slowly growing in number. Comprising curious people who take time to learn about all that is done in the name of freedom and goodwill, this America understands the longer-term effects of current actions -- both lifestyle and political action. This America cares deeply about everyone's future -- certainly themselves and their offspring, but also that people around the world are given an equitable opportunity to live a joy-filled life. This America is reaching a tipping point... and I look forward to the day when this America rises up, collectively, to lead the world forward.

Which America do you support?

I'm cautiously optimistic that the tipping point is soon coming -- certainly last week's elections support that. I hope it's the case. And I hope the democrats will lead over the next two years... something they haven't known how to do in recent history.

So that's the political commentary for the week. On the home front... our class visited Volvo Group headquarters last week. Volvo group makes basically everything Volvo except cars -- they sold the car piece to Ford several years ago. It's quite a fascinating facility, as is their plan to have a CO2 neutral plant in the next few years. We rode through the 90,000 square meter (nearly 1 million square feet) facility in Gothanburg on a little train... it was the only way to see so much of a facility that is so large. The technology that allows so much to happen -- electric carts that haul pallets of parts to self-operated forklifts... quite amazing, really.

I'm working on a project with the Madison Children's Museum (Madison, Wisconsin) -- a truly fascinating organization that is working to ensure that all of their operations, including exhibits, are fully sustainable.

I continue to tinker with the garden... I think I'm going to try and start some more seeds in a mini-greenhouse that I picked up over the weekend in hopes that leaving seeds in the greenhouse a little longer than I left them in their germinating box last time will make them stronger... most of the carrots, lettuce, dill, and spinach didn't make it to their new home.

Now - it's time for class.

Tuesday, November 7, 2006

Garden Photos!

I've posted a couple of photos of my hydroponics garden on my flickr photos page -- check them out at: http://flickr.com/photoPublishs/98399319@N00/

Monday, November 6, 2006

It's all about food

Food seems to be the theme in my life right now... from trying to grow it (the garden now has ginger and green onions that can be harvested, thanks to a contribution of sprouting ginger from Katie and a few extra onions from the grocery store)... to cooking it -- I experimented with Chinese dumplings last night after having watched them be made at a friend's last week... to understanding where it comes from and how it gets to us.

Being the "country kid" that I am, you'd think that I would have a good understanding of where food comes from, right? Well... kind of. But from a broader perspective, I really feel like I'm pretty clueless. I'm considering for a thesis topic (along with approximately 146 other ideas) something along the lines of "Grow it Here or Grow it There: Energy Use in the Production and Transportation of Food." The point would be to understand how energy flows through our food, where it's wasted (like in transporting foods around the globe), and perhaps even to have a better idea of how food grows... as in where the basic elements that plants need to grow come from. In the monoculture that Iowa tends to be... farmers alternate soybeans and corn. Soybeans are nitrogen fixers... they take nitrogen from the air and put it into the soil (is this done through their roots, or by holding the N in mass until the plant is plowed under as with carbon?)... whereas corn uses that nitrogen.

Obviously there is a lot of research in various aspects of how food gets to us... but as far as I know -- though I've only just begun to explore -- there is not any whole system view of food -- or a food cycle -- that could help to understand what research does exist and what areas need to be further explored.

Oh - and the Chinese dumplings turned out to be quite good. They take a while to make... so it's a fun group project for 6-8 people! Basically the shell is a flour-water-egg mix, and the inside is some combination of cabbage, carrot, onion, meat, soy sauce, and ginger... then after cooking (boiling or frying) dipping in soy/garlic mixture. Very tasty!

Time for class... we have a pretty intense Mon-Wed this week, and then a day trip to Goteburg to visit Volvo!

Wednesday, November 1, 2006

Two quick notes

First- I briefly mentioned the Stern Report yesterday, so now I should provide links for mor information. One link is to a short overview of the report : http://www.greencarcongress.com/2006/10/stern_review_la.html and another is to the index page to access the report itself (as well as some comments about the report): http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/Independent_Reviews/stern_review_economics_climate_change/sternreview_index.cfm

Is this report getting any time in the US media?

The second quick note for the day is only to say that I've found a bit of mold in my plants... I'd used some burlap to keep the coconut coir in the plastic baskets that hold the plants in the water... so the burlap was constantly being flooded. Anyway... there was an emergency removal of the burlap last night. Now I'm not sure what happens -- the plants seem to be ok, I'm just not sure that I'll be able to keep the growing medium in the baskets -- it seems likely to wash away each time the pump runs. I know, I know... pictures would help... :)

Oh - and I've taken a liking to the greeting 'namaste' -- essentially it means "I admire the divine in you." I do.

Namaste

Tuesday, October 31, 2006

New Quarter

Today's the first day of a new quarter at school... last week was full of presentations and a final exam on Friday, then a three-day weekend. I was pretty lazy for the weekend -- my body and mind both said it was time to veg out for a bit... so I watched a few movies, played with my plants a little, and spent a couple of evenings preparing and eating dinner at friend's houses and talking about whatever we would think of to talk about. Friday night involved making chinese dumplings and last night involved japanese noodles. My tummy has been happy!

I don't have any good sustainability issues at the top of my mind today. As I was checking the news yesterday, I did notice that there was quite a bit of discussion about climate change in the news -- I'm thinking that Stern's report on the economic effects of climate change came out, so perhaps that has been garnering some attention.

When all else fails, talk about the weather, right? Well let me tell you... it's been getting windy around here! Right now there are 30-40 km/hr winds... (20-25 mph) that are quite sustained... and that seems to be the norm over the last week. When I looked at the forecast yesterday, snow was predicted for later in the week, but when I checked back this morning, the temperature was forecasted a couple of degrees higher and the snow had been taken out. Either way, I think we've entered the gray season here... as indicated both by the weather and the variety of food that is available at the farmer's market... we're down to potatos, onions, apples, bakery items and maybe some flowers... most of the fruits and fresh veggies are now out of season... and of course, my garden isn't producing just yet.

Well. I think I'll go find breakfast. We're starting off with a fairly long day of class -- this morning is an introduction to one of the two choices we have as an elective class for the next two months -- I think it's called "Sustainable Product Development" or something along those lines... it's supposed to be the more scientific aspect of what we do, as opposed to the other elective which is more about organizational leadership, so choosing an elective might be a tough decision!

Namaste

Sunday, October 22, 2006

Where'd the weekend go?

It's late-afternoon on Sunday... after not having any class on Friday, it's been a long weekend. We do have plenty to work on -- with a group presentation early tomorrow morning and final exam over materials from the last 2 months, I have plenty to read, study, and review. But first things first...

On the garden front, there's not been any visible progress to speak of as far as the plants are concerned, but I've made some other significant changes in the garden setup that should lead to some big progress over the next week. First, I received several things on Friday that are key to moving forward -- primarily the coconut coir that will serve as my growing medium. It's ground-up coconut shell... it's what I'll start the seeds in from now on (sponges weren't doing so hot). I did take some pics, but haven't posted them yet... will have to take some more and make them available to you.

Last night we had a halloween / costume party. Halloween isn't a big tradition here, though it seems to be growing in recent years. One of my classmates went as Trinity from the Matrix movies... so I want as Mr. Smith... pretty easy to put on a suit, sunglasses, and an earpiece...

Next weekend I'm taking a ferry to Poland with a few classmates. There are at least four of us, possibly more. I have no idea where we are going or staying... should be an interesting trip!

The weather is still in the mid-50's, but the forecast shows it cooling off significantly by the end of the week, such that lows will be in the mid-30's.

Ok... I'm out of words for now, and have started thinking about a group meeting -- we're meeting in a little while to go once more over the presentation we will give tomorrow about the Millennium Development Goals.

Tuesday, October 17, 2006

Seeds going into water

A couple of pepper seeds have a root – maybe 1/8” long – decided to see what would happen if I plant them in the water flow. Some other seeds have cracked; decided to put them in also to see what would happen. Still have many, many seeds in sponges under warming light.

So now have 2-3 red and 2-3 orange pepper seeds with roots, along with carrots, dill, lettuce and flowers in the sphagnum moss that I was able to find. It’s not an ideal substance for this – kind of messy – so as the water flows through it, it gets all over. Am hoping that the rockwool will arrive tomorrow.

The light that is over them is a 2700k 105watt fluorescent – basically a very large compact fluorescent bulb. Will have to watch closely to make sure that my desklamp socket doesn’t get too hot. Set up a paper reflection system to help keep the light in the realm available to the plants… might have to find a better long-term solution, but it should work for a couple of days.

Need to be taking pictures!

Untitled

I'd been trying to put posts up every weekend... didn't quite make it this past weekend. I did, however, just put three short posts over the last week to talk about my garden's progress... it's been quite interesting, this attempt at growing veggies in water. And the adventure has really only just begun... unless the building burns down or something... which I'm wondering as I mix grow lights, a water pump, and electricity in a small corner of my bedroom.

The idea is to be able to grow food in water without soil. Right now I've just got some sphagnum moss as a growing medium -- it's not ideal, but it's all I could find here in town. I think I've got a package waiting for me someplace here in town -- I've ordered rockwool as a more appropriate growing medium -- as well as some nutrient solution. To get me through a couple of days, I've been using a supplemental mixture that you might use with houseplants or something... I'm sure it's sufficient to get me going.

The way it works... the nutrients that plants need are in water... so in my setup, I have three trays that are about a yard long and 6" wide by 6" deep sitting on a small coffee table. On the ground, I have a 12-or-so gallon tub with a small bilge pump in it. The pump is on a timer -- it's 15 mins on and 15 mins off during the day. I haven't decided what to do with it at night -- don't know if I'll need to run it in order to keep the roots moist or if I'll be able to get away with shutting it off... but considering that it's about 4 feet from where I sleep... I'm thinking it might have to be turned off because all of the water moving is pretty dang loud. So. Water pumps through the trays, the runs back into the tub. The idea is that plants take nutrients out of the water... then have 15 minutes to access oxygen before being flooded with nutrients again.

I've also got a very bright light set up for them... it's specially made for growing plants -- meaning that it has the kind of light that they grow best under. There are actually lots of different kinds of grow lights; the one that I have comes in two light spectrums -- one for regular growing and one for blooming. So if/when tomatos and peppers start to come in... I'll have to find a blooming light. For now... the grow light is enough.

So anyway... that's what's happening on the water garden front.


Class... has continued to be quite good and quite involved. Last week was organizational learning and leadership week. I don't remember anything really extraordinary in all of it, but there have been many great conversations with classmates about what leadership means to us and how we might plug ourselves into the growing opportunities as people begin to realize the seriousness of the crunch the world currently finds itself in. Pretty exciting stuff.

What's not so exciting is the fact that we're nearly through our first quarter -- our final exam is a week from Friday. Uffda. And to add to the excitement, we have group presentations of various topics on M,T,W -- the topics are various tools that are relevant to the sustainability world... ecological footprint, life cycle assessment, ISO 14001, natural capitalism... those kinds of things. My group -- consisting of Paul (Swedish) and Viviana (Columbian) and me -- is working on the Millennium Development Goals put forth by the United Nations.

The MDGs are the target of a massive campaign involving all kinds of people... it's very closely tied to the One Campaign www.one.org... and these 8 goals focus on addressing the "world's main development challenges" like poverty, hunger, gender equity, maternal health, etc. On the surface the sound like, and really are, quite good goals that everyone can more or less agree with. The challenge comes when you start to dig into the goals... which comprise 18 targets which comprise 48 indicators.

First of all... because our assignment is to evaluate them from a strategic sustainable development (SSD) standpoint... let me say that they have little to do with sustainability as we've come to know the four sustainability principles. Even though they would seem to address system condition IV -- which basically says that people need to have the capacity to meet their own needs -- they really don't do that very well. And some of the targets and indicators are really quite senseless... like halving the number of people who live on less than one US dollar per day. Well... since the targets are to be acheived by 2015... if we just sit back and wait this goal should be achieved on its own simply by inflation!

A couple of other indicators measure the ratio of men:women (i.e. in education). I think it's great that we're looking at gender disparity and working to improve that... but does it make any sense to only measure the ratio?? Stop educating enough men to shrink the gap... wouldn't that be the easiest and least expensive solution? I'm not advocating for that senseless idea, mind you... education is clearly one of the most important things that can be done.

As I've been working to learn about the MDGs, there are a few great ironies that stand out. One is the idea that "developed" countries are working to assist "under-developed" countries. There's an on-going joke in our class that perhaps some countries are "over-developed." Of course, that's not really the case... it's more like some countries are "wrongly-developed"... but that's a topic for another day.

Overall, it's interesting to watch as so many resources are being poured into the MDGs. And, overall, if in 2015 we can celebrate having achieved them, I think it will be a truly celebratory event... more because we -- as an entire world -- will have worked together toward achieving something significantly big than because the MDGs are so important for human survival. Of course, 10 years from now when we're all aware of the significant environmental challenges we face, we'll have a model for how to overcome this newly-realized set of challenges.

Notice that I completely side-stepped any conversation about the assumption of capitalism being the way forward (which is VERY prevalent throughout the MDGs, and is a large reason why they are not well supported across the entire globe) as well as the focus on corporations being a significant part of the solution. It's a hard pill to swallow when many multi-national corporations are (rightfully!) being blamed for so many of the problems in the first place. But I digress...

Ok. I need to go do some reading about systems thinking -- also known as systems science. Pretty cool stuff... but as usual, involves me needing to do a great deal of reading.

Cheers.

Sunday, October 8, 2006

A title? Why bother?

Titles never seem to make any sense when they're on my posts... anybody who has read my writings know that my writings are a frog's joyride on a lilly-pad hopping adventure.

Having said that, let's review the last week. It started out with 2 1/2 days of lecture/discussion with Manfred Max-Neef, a gentleman in his mid-70's known around the world for his work as a human-focused economist. Yes, I said human-focused economist. Yes - it's an apparent contradiction. Economists aren't typically focused on humans. This guy has coined the phrase "human scale development" and I'm confident that one of his favorite phrases is "the economy exists to serve people, it's not that people exist to serve the economy." It's a pretty good point. We focus on the GDP, when in reality the GDP is pretty silly as a measurement of progress when you take time to think about it -- it measures all economic activity, whether or not that activity is "good." So the costs associated with cancer treatments or the costs for asbestos abatement or the costs for recalling defective products all add to the GDP... and thus are "good" for the economy... while clearly they are not so good for people.

Max-Neef talked quite a bit about the GPI (Genuine Progress Indicator) -- a tool for considering both the quality and the distribution of economic growth. Read more about the GPI here: http://www.rprogress.org/newpubs/2004/gpi_march2004update.pdf Just for the record, he was clear that the GPI should NOT replace the GDP, but rather should complement it... that both have a place in the world. He also showed charts for over a dozen countries that show how the GDP keeps going up, but that in "developed" countries the GPI (or instead of the GPI, the ISEW - Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare) has flattened. In the US the GPI started flattening out in the 1970's and turned slightly downward in the 1980's, while in developed countries around the globe the ISEW started going down in the 1980's. A classmate leaned over and asked my what happened in the 80's... the only thing that popped into my head was Reagan... so that's what I whispered back, along with the suggestion to ask the question out loud. She asked the question, and the response was: Reaganomics. I felt smart.

Then we talked a bit about what Reagan and Thatcher's economic policies were... the idea that if the tide rises, then all boats will rise -- that if the rich get richer, then it will trickle down to everyone else also. But in fact throughout the 1980's that was not the case in the US; the poorest one-fifth of the population lost 0.5% of their income each year, while the income of the top 5% increased 3.9% per year. Max-Neef said that what Reagan claimed - that increasing the top would increase everyone -- was clearly not the case. I volunteered that Reagan's policies did exactly what he intended them to do: to increase the wealth of the wealthy with no regard for the rest. Max-Neef went off on a brief tirade in which he appeared to agree with my statement, but was somewhat concerned that I would voice such a true and yet impossible-to-admit statement. And so still I wonder -- when we will wake up to the obvious economic truths of our times: the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer. And chances are good that if you're reading this blog, you're somewhere in the upper-middle of that continuum.

So that was Monday through Wednesday. Wednesday afternoon brought forth Goran Carstedt, a former top-exec with Volvo and IKEA, as well as a leading member of the Society for Organizational Learning (www.solonline.org) and now chair of The Natural Step International. Dr. Carstedt is a very bright guy -- and he's planning to come back in November to visit our class again.

On Thursday the class spent the day exploring Max-Neef's theory on human needs that I mentioned last week, and on Friday David Cook (CEO of The Natural Step International) joined us for the day. All in all it was a VERY full week, and I'm still trying to wrap my mind around all that we saw, heard, and experienced -- including Chinese cane dancing at a potluck on Monday night.

This weekend I made progress on my hydro garden... don't actually have anything planted yet, but I do have a rather serious looking contraption consisting of 3 one-meter long window box trays, a 50-liter (~ 14 gallon) tub, a bilge pump, and a few hoses connecting them. For several hours on Saturday I was using an exact-o knife to cut holes in the tubs for hoses and to cut out bits of an old bicycle inner-tube for gaskets. Then finding a power adapter that would work to run the 12-volt pump is proving to be quite a challenge -- I've only found a temporary solution that involves converting from 220 to 110 to 12 volts... far too complicated for my "simple" little project.

And all of that messing around has put me a few hours behind in my reading. Again. So I'm off to get some sleep and then to hit the ground running this week. We have a quite large group project due soon focusing on the United Nation's Millenium Development Goals -- so be looking forward to hearing about them in the week to come.

Sunday, October 1, 2006

How do we measure the depths of one's soul?

First... October 1st, that is. Where has the time gone?? Already I've been here in Sweden for six weeks!! While many good friendships have developed, I still feel as though I've only dipped my big toe into the massive pool of our studies.

But that may well change this week. We will be visited by Manfred Max-Neef, a Chilean economist who - from what I gather - is not your typical economist. He makes a strong case for that which we most like to measure means very little... that we need to take time to slow down and be more in tune with those things in life that are pleasurable and beautiful. He lists 9 human needs that go far beyond the "food, clothing, shelter" (and sometimes "love") that we were taught as being the basics of human needs... those 9 include: subsistence, protecion, affection, understanding, participation, idleness, creation, identity, and freedom. You can catch a glimpse of this man speaking at http://big-picture.tv -- Max-Neef is listed down the left side, along with scores of other big thinkers in the sustainability movement. Those that are listed each have 1 or more videos of a few minutes that you can watch -- Karl-Henrik Robèrt is also there (the founder and frequent lecturer of the program I am in).

Last week we also talked about public policy and economics. It was a pretty full week... I think the gist that I'm taking away is that -- particularly within the realm of economics -- we have very short memories. My impression is that the way economics is being taught in the vast majority of schools around the world is the way of neoclassical economics... the way in which the world has operated over the last century or so... with no thought given to the millenia prior to that time, nor the change that has occurred over those thousands of years. It leaves students - and professionals - today with the impression that the way things are done now is the only way things have ever been done and thus the only way things are ever likely to be done. Economics is certainly not the only thing that is being taught this way.

Physics is another example... while we occassionaly admit that people once thought the world to be flat, we seldom take time to consider the implications of such a major shift in thinking -- when you've grown up thinking that the world is flat and all of a sudden one day are told that the world is round -- how willing to believe such a statement are you? Today physics is going through some very interesting trials regarding the validity of Newton's laws of motion because they do not seem to hold true with the very smallest particles... and so these natural 'laws' may be in jeopardy... and that opens some very interesting doors. "What the bleap do we know" is a documentary that addresses this point -- though be warned it is a bit... dizzying.

Something far less dizzying to watch but far more dizzying to consider is a lecture by Dr. Albert Bartlett at the University of Colorado entitled "Arithmetic, Population, and Energy" (available online in video, audio, or a transcript at http://www.globalpublicmedia.com/lectures/461) This is the simplest yet most sensible explanation for why energy (specifically oil) use will be a problem very soon. Basically he talks about how energy use is increasing by a certain percentage each year... 5% or 7% or something... and how that translates into a doubling every so many years. Then he draws a picture (and maybe even uses the story -- I can't remember now) illustrated by the question: if you have the following two options, which gives you more at the end of one month? Option A: $1 million on the first day and nothing the rest of the month, or Option B: $.01 on the first day, twice that amount on the second day, twice the second day's amount on the third day, and so on.

Choose option B and you would receive $1,342,177.28 on the 28th day of the month (so even if it's February, you'd still come out ahead!) -- which is exactly one penny more than the $1,342,177.27 that you would have accumalated through the first 27 days of the month. Assuming the month has more than 28 days... on the 29th day you would receive $2,684,354.56 -- again, a penny more than you'd receive on all of the previous days added together. The point: we're doing the same thing with oil every 5-10 years: we're using the same amount in less than one decade than has been used in all of history up to that decade. Sounds like a recipe for disaster.

And the world's population is doing the same thing... which Dr. Bartlett points out as being rather interesting at the community level when Boulder's planners talk about wanting to grow at an annual rate of 3-7%. Even with the US population growing at 1% -- that's an additional 3,000,000 people each year -- we soon run into problems. So Dr. Bartlett's point is that we need to strive for ZERO population growth. Soon. I guess there are some things that we need to keep measuring, eh?

Bringing this conversation back to economics... the assumption under which our current economists operate is that growth is good. So the question becomes -- can an economy continue to grow if the population does not? I'll have to get back to this later...

One more thing before I jump off real quick, just in case anything I've said so far is not controversial or thought-provoking enough -- check out http://www.worldcantwait.net/ It's a group planning a nation-wide (world-wide?) protest on October 5th against the Bush Regime. Yes, yes... I know you all think it's too extreme. And I think that they don't even list some of the key reasons for the need for such a protest... key among them: PEAK OIL! The thing that I like most about what they write: democrats won't solve the problem either. So protesting the Bush regime is important -- but more important is making the statement that the US is headed in the wrong direction on sooo many fronts. (yes, this paragraph was a late add-in because I just came across it...) It will be interesting to see what kind of media coverage it pulls off... regardless -- make me proud and do something on October 5th to let your political leaders know that you want to save the US and the world before it's too late... if joining a protest is too much, write your members of congress!

I'd like to keep writing... to tell tales of our fondue party last night, or of our viewing of "Who killed the electric car?" last Friday... but alas, my roommate is trying to make me feel guilty for not cleaning -- today is my cleaning day, and while it's not even 11AM, apparently there is some rule that I'm supposed to clean immediately upon getting up... I'll write it off to cultural differences. Also on the to-do list today is preparing a dish for tomorrow night's potluck... still haven't figured out how I'm going to pull this off... I'm planning twice-baked potatos again (they are popular, easy, cheap, and filling -- all the requirements for a potluck dish), but I have class in the morning and afternoon, plus a potentially-more-than-an-hour meeting planning meeting for the student environmental group (of which I am the secretary) that begins at 5:00... with the potluck scheduled for 6. I could skip the potluck, except that it is with Manfred, and I'd like to spend as much time with the guy as possible in the 2-3 days that he's here. Ohhhh.... decisions.

Ok. Laundry and cleaning -- woo-hoo.

Monday, September 25, 2006

Looking forward to...

... moving from basic science to social science in class this week. I like the basic science work, but I'm really eager to see how the social sciences work into it all. As far as the natural science goes, it isn't too hard to come to consensus -- at least on the basics -- when you get people in the room who really know their stuff. Social science is a little different.

I'm a bit behind in my reading, so I really don't have anything that will really get you fired up today. If that's why you're reading... sorry. The weather has been too great and the homework assignment too long. Weather-wise, it ranges from 55 to 68... from 5-9 in the AM there is not much wind, and then it picks up during the day as the air over the land warms and rises. Sunday morning I went for a 3 hour run, walk, sit excursion... I'd jog for a while, then sit down and watch the ducks and cranes land and take off... they're really fun to watch. When they begin to take off, their wings flap against the water creating a clapping sound... the clapping becomes less and less as they begin to get lift. And when the land, they throw their head back and put out their webbed feet... for just a second they look like they are water skiing.

I'm plotting a hydroponics garden... I think that I can grow vegetables in my bedroom this winter, and having a little fresh produce in January will be worth the effort. Hydroponics means that it will be water-based rather than soil based... which means 1) I won't need any dirt, and 2) the plants will grow and produce much faster than if they were in dirt. It's also a bit challenging to find the things that I need -- when I went to the garden store on Saturday and asked if they had any seed, they looked at me like I was crazy... the only thing they had was blueberry seed... since you plant them in the fall. I've tried to order seed from a place in the UK, but they are not responding to my online order nor my email... so I'm not sure where that leaves me. Guess I'll have a nice little fountain if I don't have a garden...

Ok. I'm going to go read now... have two chapters in our textbook and 7-8 articles to read this week, and my calendar is filling up quickly with extracurricular activities and extra group discussions.

Thursday, September 21, 2006

Going upstream

Ok, before I start talking about going upstream, let me just say that this is the most ridiculous article that I've seen in quite some time: http://articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Investing/CNBC/Dispatch/LowGasolineMaybe.aspx?GT1=8579 The title of the article is "Why $1.15/gallon gas isn't a fantasy." And there are sooo many flaws in thinking and so little understanding of world dynamics….it's ludicrous. But it'still on MSN in a place where millions of people will see it. One paragraph goes like this:

"But things are starting to change. Drivers are changing their habits. Global tensions are easing, and more supply is on its way."

Things are starting to change, eh? That's optimistic -- optimism is good. As far as drivers changing habits - perhaps. But if gas drops back to early 2001 prices, I'm not optimistic that we'll see that "habits" have really changed - but rather that maybe "actions" have changed. And I don't know where Charley Blaine gets his information, but I'm sure not optimistic about things settling down in the Middle East -- even IF Iraq settles down, the situation with Iran - and Venezuela's support of Iran -- doesn't look good for the world's oil market and particularly the US's access to oil. And even if his facts are correct about a couple of new oil fields increasing supplies -- it's short term.

If you'd like to read something on the opposite end of the extreme, check out http://www.peakoil.ie/downloads/newsletters/newsletter55_200507.pdf Be warned, though -- this is as bleak as it gets. I particularly like sections 572 and 573.

Projecting how much oil is left in the world and the length of time that oil will last is very complicated science. There are so many variables and unknowns… chief among them are the amounts of oil and the price (as largely affected by the amount available). In reality, it isn't important about whether oil will last 20 years or 50 years or even 100 years. We know that we are reaching peak oil -- perhaps even DID reach it over the last couple of years… that production capacity can not continue to grow at the same rate as the human demand for energy. And that in and of itself is enough to demonstrate that even if we have a year or two of low-cost gasoline, it is not going to last. With an increasing demand for a finite resource (and I haven't even mentioned the increasing cost of extracting oil) the cost of that resource will go up. As will territorial disputes for access to that resource.

This leads nicely to what I initially wanted to talk about: the need to take an upstream view. What got me started on this today was a comment by our professor about how silly it is from a high-level perspective that Sweden ships milk to Norway while Norway also ships milk to Sweden. (Or a more extreme example with absolutely no logic -- mineral water from Australia being available in Sweden.) So we use an incredible amount of energy just for the transportation of that milk… what sense does it make? From a company's perspective, it might make sense… managers are smart people and when operating within their systems and with the information they have… it works. But from a higher-level perspective, it's absolutely assanine.

Here's something to ponder: "Royal Dutch Shell has begun pumping natural gas from its wind- and solar-powered Cutter micro-platform, sited on a marginal-production gas field underneath the southern North Sea." So it uses renewable energy - wind and solar - but it pumps natural gas. "The use of renewable energy generation equipment not only provides green power, but reduces the cost of providing a subsea cable to power the platforms. The platform’s US$143 million fabrication cost alone is around 40% of that of traditional platforms." More information and pictures at ::Green Car Congress, ::First gas from Cutter using renewable energy technology (this paragraph from http://www.treehugger.com/files/2006/04/natural_gas_pla.php)

Ok - now I'm out of time to actually talk about upstream in detail… maybe another time…

Sunday, September 17, 2006

Tipping Point

It's a beautiful Sunday morning... I'm sitting in my bed waiting for laundry to finish... looking out the window to a calm sea and a slowly awakening city. In an hour I'll head for the downtown area, where I'll get on a ferry along with a dozen or two of my classmates... we're going on a boat ride to see the archipelago. It's looking to be the perfect day for being outside!

Last night, about 10 of us got together for a small bonfire... Fiona brought bread (I think she learned to make it during her time in Sierra Leone) that you wrap around a stick and hold over the fire to bake; I brought the makings for s'mores, and Merlina brought an apple cake in celebration of David's birthday. After that, we went to Michelle and George's and Dan's and Richard's and Jeff's and another's (Ian, I think) apartment for a party... it was a wonderful couple of hours of meeting, greeting, and getting to know several more people who are in the area.

Last week was a rather long week with exams and presentations... first an individual exam, then a group presentation, then a group exam. The individual exam went very well for me -- it was fairly straight forward regurgitation of the facts that we've learned over the last couple of weeks. My group's presentation -- something we worked on for a little less than a week -- was about making western weddings more sustainable... so we talked about all of the things now that are typically involved in a wedding, and how a wedding that is in compliance with the four sustainability principles might be different. It's a very interesting exercise in coming to understand the process of moving from current state to sustainable state... and thinking through how to make that happen. Most weddings today have aspects of them that are indeed sustainable, and certainly the celebration itself -- the social gathering of family and friends -- is an important piece of our society. But a wedding that is completely in compliance with the four principles probably would not fly in general society just yet... so there needs to be a strategy for moving the wedding industry slowly -- in baby steps -- toward sustainability.

It is exciting to see how many people in the US are beginning to slow down -- to excuse themselves from the rat race, visit the farmer's market, eat good food, and generally be more healthy. As cynical as I often am, I also know that we're nearing a tipping point. There's a business book with this title "Tipping Point" of which I've only heard the audio summary... but it talks about how new technologies typically follow a trend in which there is slow, hard-fought growth for some period of time, followed by a huge boom in which a product or service comes into great demand. Fax machines are a wonderful example; in the early 1980's fax machines were invented. Few people had them for the first few years, and since there weren't very many people to whom you could send a fax, you didn't have a great reason to have a fax machine of your own. But as the popularity of these machines slowly increased, eventually their use reached a point at which it made sense for every business to have a fax machine... and the industry boomed. Internet providers and email have experienced similar tipping points...

All this to say that I'm very optimistic about the coming tipping point in the US... the tipping point that says big business is necessary at some level, but must be done with a far, far greater level of integrity and responsibility than as ever been done before. A tipping point in which politicians are held accountable for their decisions -- brought on by both frustration with corruption AND by the incredible communication technologies that have come into existence over the last decase. The tipping point in which people stop settling for the crap for food that is being provided by so many grocery stores and fast food joints, and instead demand local, organic foods that taste good and create jobs.

I hear laundry calling...

Thursday, September 14, 2006

Fight Ignorance

This links to an article that provides a little hope for the news: The Economist effect: Not all news media are dumbing it down. Clearly there are downsides to news magazines that would be willing to reduce circulation as Times seems to be considering - but if it gets real news into the hands of people that will consume it... cool.

Another good note for the day: it sounds as if Congress has moved to place federal expenditures in a searchable database that is available online.

Less positive toward the US, the Human Rights Record of the US (published by China in 2003) is an interesting read and includes this statement: "Its (the US's) military spendings for the 2004 fiscal year reaches 400.5 billion US dollars, exceeding the total amount of defense budgets of all other countries in the world in summation"

"Most Wanted" Corporate Human Rights Violators of 2005 lists (and provides brief summaries of) some well-known corporations, including Caterpillar, Chevron, Coca-Cola, Dow Chemical, Ford Motor Co., Lockheed Martin, Monsanto, Nestle USA, Pfizer, and Wal-Mart, among others.

Read about the differences between the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and a relatively new idea of the GPI (Genuine Progress Indicator) on this link at Redefining Progress's website. Politicians and business leaders are excited when the GDP goes up... but does that mean lives are better?

Wednesday, September 13, 2006

Ignorance is Bliss

I'm fuming. Ok - there's not literally steam coming out my ears. But there just as well be -- and there should be steam coming out of your ears, too.

Take any number of issues. Perhaps it's ABC's airing of the movie "Path to 9/11" -- a docudrama (not documentary) that combines fact and fiction in a made-for-tv movie. How can this be appropriate at any point in time, let alone at a time when the effects of 9/11 are continuing to cost life after life after life after life?

It's particularly appalling precisely because we know the impact of distortion of truth in America. American people by and large are ignorant of what the country is really all about. I was. And still am to a great extent... I have a lot to learn no doubt. But when THE MAJOR reason that the truth about global warming is not reaching the American public is because the federal government is taking time to edit scientific reports before they are published -- and not edit for the scientific content but rather to make language as vague as possible or as least-damning as possible?

Folks, we've been duped. Many of us know that history as it's taught in the public schools is not what actually happened. Ok - it's one perspective on what actually happened. As Howard Zinn describes it, it's history as told by the doers... when it would really be nice to see history written by the done-tos.

I've started looking more and more into American foreign policy / foreign involvement over the years. It makes me sick.

Without a doubt, the US has done some very good things for the world over the last 230 years. Please don't think that I'm not willing to acknowledge, celebrate, and be thankful for those actions and efforts, and the men and women who served the country at great sacrifice. It is perhaps because of that very model of sacrifice that I feel compelled to try and improve our current situation rather than bail out and do something crazy like marry a Swede.

The US is also the most free country in the world; that level of freedom provides incredible opportunity to all who pursue it. Certainly there are great benefits to being a citizen of such a nation. That is particularly why I have such an issue with so much of what is going on -- because we are neglecting our responsibility as citizens of this great nation. Yes - we have the freedom. For now. But at what cost - and are we willing to pay that cost to continue as we have been?

Mind you, these good things are also the things that are drilled into our heads and hearts... the relentless drumbeat of American history as we know it... the annual celebrations, the parades, the playing of out national anthem before every sporting event. These are the partial-truths that permeate the American landscape which we all call home. These are partial-truths that ring very clearly as a reminder of other partial-truth governments from around the world that we have declared as evil and communistic. And yet we don't see it when it's happening here, so close to home.

Unfortunately, we've also been quite content to sit in our safety and comfort and not pay attention to what goes on in the world around us. Blame the government for doing it or the media for not making the government's actions known... we've had that excuse for the last many years. But now, as the world becomes smaller, we can not claim that ignorance of the real events -- the real actions of our government -- we can not claim that ignorance is our shield.

It's time that we overcome our bias; it's time that we overcome our baby-like status that finds us content to sit in the safety of our homes and be spoon-fed edited "scientific" reports and newsfeeds and fictionalized movies based on loose facts.

It's time to create a new framework for America. A framework provides a way for thinking about a complex system... we're using frameworks in my class now to talk about the incredible complexity of the system that supports life on earth. Our professor is fond of saying that groups of 5 or more people are incredibly dumb... that you put any 5 people together in a room and give them a problem to work on, and invariably they, collectively, come up with a very dumb solution. Individually they may be very intelligent, capable people... but as a group they are dumb. But provide a framework from which they can share an understanding of the problem... and they can build on the intelligence of each individual so that the solution derived by the group is greater than any one of them could have derived alone.

So it's time for a new framework for America. The "make money at all costs" or - as our current administration likes to say it "if it is not better for our economy than for anyone else's, we're not going to do it" -- framework has to end. We've got to come up with a framework that puts the reality of the world that we live in into perspective. I can't describe exactly what that framework might look like, but I can assure you that it wouldn't promote something as stupid as putting money in the bank today, while the very process of earning that money risks the existence of that bank tomorrow.

Shit. Just realized it sounds like I'm running for office. I'm not.

Please don't write to me and say that really nothing is new in the US -- that the country was founded by people that killed other people in order to carve out a little place for themselves... then continued killing and carving... and that really the trend is just continuing. Please don't remind me of that, and ask me why I'm surprised as I learn more... I'm not in the mood.

And don't write me saying that I sound as though I'm advocating communism. Maybe I am and maybe I'm not. But maybe we should think about communion and community and other ways in which we celebrate, embrace, and joyously partake in activities that begin with "comm" -- and then learn the factual differences between each instead of reacting in strong emotion rooted both in truth and propaganda. I, for one, can't of the top of my head tell you what's good or bad about communism with a degree of certainty -- nor can I tell you the differences between republics and democracies with a comfortable level of confidence. But I'm willing to admit that I don't know and then take action to learn... so check back in a few days.

Do write and tell me about the things that you're doing -- whether it's striving to be more informed by alternative media sources ( try the Christian Science Monitor www.csmonitor.com)

Yes, yes... I'm a little off the topic of sustainabilty today. Actually, though - it's very directly related, because if we aren't able to communicate through the mass media honestly about the facts of global warming or other equally as pressing sustainability issues... we'll never reach a tipping point at which we'll actually be able to do something about it. So maybe there IS a reason for exploring Mars...

Ignorance is bliss, but not very fulfilling.

Ok. So what do I have to do to convince you?

Sunday, September 10, 2006

A Weekend of Learning

It's Sunday afternoon... it's been a lazy weekend of much reading and a little documentary-watching... I watched "An Inconvenient Truth" last night. Yikes! Al Gore makes a very strong case that global warming is even more severe than I'd realized and that it's time to take action NOW! Definitely a piece that everyone should see -- he shows that carbon levels in the atmosphere are much, much higher than they have ever been in the last 650,000 years... that yes, there have been cycles of increasing then decreasing carbon levels... but that now we are so far off the charts that there are very real threats. He concludes but listing 8-10 major initiatives that would put carbon levels back to the 1970 level -- which would be a big step in the right direction. He also points out -- as I mentioned in a previous post -- a study of 928 scientific, peer-reviewed publications over the past 10 years found that NONE of them disputed that global warming is happening and is caused by human activity... which contrasts sharply with the public media in which 53% of stories present global warming as a controversial "theory." Gore makes a point that tobacco industries did the same thing years ago when trying to dispute medical claims that smoking causes cancer...

I also watched a 30-min episode of PBS's NOW that interviewed the director of "Who Killed the Electric Car?" -- I believe this documentary is coming (did?) out this summer... and should be quite interesting. Historically (1890-1910) my understanding is that electric cars were very competitive with cars powered by internal combustion engines -- but gas won out because electricity was relatively more expensive and harder to find, whereas gas was a waste product from oil production. Electric cars have really never had much market since, though there were a 1,000 or so in the late 1990's when California had legislation requiring that vehicles with zero emissions be brought in. Of course, US automakers and oil companies lobbied heavily - and won - the changing of those requirements. That's as much as I'll say, because I think the doc goes into detail -- and probably does so with much more accuracy then I'll be able to right now.

Robert Newman's "History of Oil" was also on my watch list... he's an intelligent British gent that spends an hour on a stage recapping the fights for oil over the last 100 years or so -- beginning with World War I and going on to explain the far-too-complicated-for-my-simple-mind idea that the US's interest in Iraq is as much about oil currency as the oil itself. Basically... the US dollar is the currency in which oil is traded. In 1970, when the US military was active in Vietnam, Nixon allowed the US gold reserves to be disconnected from the dollar itself -- so that for every dollar printed there did NOT have to be gold in reserve. The strength, then, of the US dollar became oil... other countries needed dollars in order to buy oil, which created global demand for dollars, which allowed the US's economic growth to continue. Somewhere between 2000 and 2002, Iraq began to trade oil in Euros... the new (1999) European currency used by a population comparable to that of the US (and with a probability for growth as more countries used the Euro in following years). This greatly threatened -- and continues to threaten -- the US dollar. And that's as far as I can go -- only wish that I would have studied a wee bit more economics in college.

Yikes. What else should I say... it's a beautiful day here -- upper 60's -- so a little cool, but a long-sleeve shirt is comfortable. I went for a short run this morning -- there's a great trail that goes along the water for several km... otherwise I've been reading, writing, and studying for this week's exam. I love being able to focus on little other than learning -- I find that as I'm reading assigned texts and articles, I'll go off on dozens of tangents... and for right now anyway I have time to just go off and look things up!

A couple of days ago I did some pretty extensive looking into land use worlwide and how it has changed over the last 300 years. (Did I write about that already??) I created a couple of charts -- one which shows a funnel as cropland has increased (3.1% of total land use in 1700, up to 13.8% in 1990) whereas the other side of the funnel is primarily two types of land: forest (down from 41.2% in 1700 to 35.6% in 1990) and savannah/grassland (down 24.6% in 1700 to 20.7% in 1990). That all came from Land area in database at http://www.sage.wisc.edu/ -- Center for Sustainability and Global Environment. This has all kinds of implications for us.

There's another interesting stat that I came across today -- it takes 10 calories of energy to produce/transport every 1 calorie of energy that an American eats. (Taken from / Read more at http://www.fromthewilderness.com/free/ww3/100303_eating_oil.html) This is fascinating, because it has changed so much over the last 100 years... I can't find a stat on it right now, but in the days before mass use of oil (for diesel in farm equipement and trucks, fertilizers, etc.) the ratio was at worst 1:1 -- and if logic works, should have been substanitally better than 1:1 or everyone would have been hungry... because before fossil fuel dominated food production, the way food added energy value was by converting energy gained from sunlight. Clearly sun still provides a significant source of energy for agriculture production... but if we're putting so much oil + sun's energy into getting just a little food out, AND we know that oil production is peaking someday sooner rather than later... seems like we might be in trouble somewhere within my lifetime. I'm thinking I might want to get back to the farm and make sure I know how to grow vegetables, add more stock fish to the pond, and plant some nut trees! Read more about what some US farmers are doing/thinking in this article: http://www.alternet.org/envirohealth/41023/?comments=view&cID=202632&pID=200581

So. It's all pretty cool stuff -- but it's also VERY scary to think of the hole that we've gotten ourselves into on a global level. Hope y'all are taking heed and starting to do what you can to be part of the solution!

Friday, September 8, 2006

Where did the week go?

Gosh - it's Friday already! I'm definitely ready for a weekend, and yet it seems like the week just started. Class-wise, we will conclude our second official week of class, but really we're just concluding our first week of having course material to learn (much of the first week was learning where stuff is on campus -- even though it's only five buildings, learning people's names, and so on). Our first exam is next Wednesday, and for the most part I feel like it's a review of high school biology, chemistry, and physics all rolled into one... it will cover things like the biogeochemical cycles and the four sustainability principles.

Biogeochemical sounds complicated... and for sure it can be if one goes into great depth. But it can also be relatively simple -- essentially it just refers to the basic flows within nature. Most of the energy on earth comes from the sun (there are two other sources of energy: one is the nuclear reactions that occur at the earth's core, the other is the energy we see in the tides which is caused by planetary motion).

If you take time to think about it, you'll realize that the other kinds of energy that we access today are linked back to one of these three energy sources -- usually the sun. Windmills turn by the power of wind -- which, as we all remember from 7th grade science when Mrs. Christiansen not only taught us that "wind is caused by the uneven heating of the earth's surface" but also encouraged us to share this simple fact with her husband at every opportunity because he "liked" little factoids. The earth's surface, obviously, is heated unevenly by the sun. Oil... is hundreds of thousands of years of material settling and being compressed and heated... the material having been living organisms that used the sun's energy.

So. The sun's energy. Plants use it to create simple sugars through a process we know as photosynthesis; energy + carbon dioxide + water creates a simple sugar + oxygen. Animals (including people) then eat the plants to take in the simple sugars, and in our bodies we combine those simple sugars with oxygen in a process we know as cellular respiration to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy... the energy we then use to go about the business of keeping our bodies healthy and active.

So that's where energy comes from.

Along those lines, oil seems to always be an issue... Al Gore's film is now out... the big oil companies have run ads disputing facts in the film... it's all very entertaining, until you take time to think about what it means. Science Magazine analyzed 928 peer-reviewed scientific papers on global warming published between 1993 and 2003. Not a single one challenged the scientific consensus that the earth’s temperature is rising due to human activity. That's the fact.

Scientists may not (they don't) agree on how fast global warming is happening. And it really doesn't matter... it is happening, and some day it's going to prevent many challanges. Just as the fact is that there's a finite (limited) amount of oil in the earth... there is an increasing population... there is an increasing demand for oil as countries like China and India and many others become more industrialized... so go back to the funnel analogy I presented on Sept 1.

This does not need to be a doomsday threat -- as many on the left often present it to be. Rather, it's an incredible opportunity for big business to invest in alternative techonologies today that can lead the way into future sustainability. I just wish that we'd do it intelligently, instead of as a stupid herd of elephants...

Dave Hurd, retired CEO of Principal Financial and past board chair of the Iowa Environmental Council wrote in a letter to the editor of the Des Moines Register a couple of years ago commenting that we often think about 3-5 year strategic plans and 10-20 community growth plans, and then went on to ask "Who is thinking about the 1,000 year plan?"

I've found a group that is working on that... at least from the point of ecological sustainability. And rather than trying to agree on what the details of life will look like 1,000 years from now... the idea is to look at the principles of what life will look like 1,000 years from now: what conditions will have to be met in order for life to be able to exist? This way we don't have to argue about whether people will be riding horses or operating vehicles that George Jetson would drive... we just agree that based on science, certain things have to happen or not happen in order for life to continue.

Time for class -- looks like I'm saved by the bell. :)

Friday, September 1, 2006

Beginnings of Sustainability

We had the first day of lectures yesterday... well, the first full day anyway. Karl-Henrik Robert (founder of The Natural Step) talked first about his work in the area of sustainability over the last 15 years, including how he lead an initiative among dozens of scientists from a variety of areas (his own expertise was a specific area of cancer) who came together to establish basic principles of sustainability -- that is, what general principles systems on earth might operate under which would allow them to be around for a long, long time.

Before getting into the sustainability principles, it's obviously necessary to establish that we are currently on an unsustainable path. I probably should have done this before even mentioning sustainability, but I know that those who are reading this do so with anopen mind... so I won't go back to edit, but rather will continue...

Let's start with same basic questions -- everyone can answer these! Generally, is the world's population increasing or decreasing? Increasing, right? In general, are businesses becoming more competitive or less competitive? More competitive, right? In general, are resources becoming more available or more scarce? More scarce. We don't have to agree on how fast these things are happening... just that in general, there are trends that on their own will not change.

If we're in agreement on that point, then we can go on to make the case that it makes sense for a business, and presumably an individual as well, to make investments in ways that reduce the risks that come along with an increasing demand (more people) for a decreasing amount of resources. Whether it's the basics (food, supplies for houses, clothes, etc.) or lake-front property... we know that as there are more people, there are relatively fewer of the desirable lake-front lots... thus the cost of those lots will go up.

We also know that other costs will also go up... for examples, insurance rates and transportation costs are increasing. The point is that a smart business, organization, and/or individual will begin moving toward a direction that reduces the risks associated with the walls brought on by an increasing demand and a decreasing resource base. Think of a (two-dimensional) funnel -- where one funnel wall is the decresing amount of resources, and the other is the increasing demand:

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX decreaasing XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX resources XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Sustainability -- point at which
current trends are altered

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX demand XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXX increasing XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

It would have been much easier to use a picture rather than doing that with X's... but you get the idea.

So the question for us is as businesses and organizations -- how do we avoid bumping into the funnel walls knowing that are unwitting competitors are likely to do so?

Yes, yes... I'm going through this very, very quickly and will need to come back at a later time to clarify points. Remember I've just been introduced to this yesterday, and certainly have not yet tried to explain it to anyone! But I do want to introduce the sustainability principles today -- these principles will be in effect when we are truly sustainable... or, perhaps a more appropriate way to state this is -- as we work toward being sustainable, these are the principles to keep in mind. They are:

1) Eliminate our contributions to systematic increases in concentrations of substances from the earth's crust;

2) Eliminate our contributions to systematic increases in concentrations of substances produced by society;

3) Eliminate our contributions to systematic physical degradation of nature through over-harvesting, introduction and other forms of modification;

4) Eliminate our contribution to the systematic undermining of people's ability to meet their needs.

Principle #1 includes things like lead, mercury, and copper.

Principle #2 includes man-made substances such as CFC's, PCBs, freon, etc.

Principle #3 includes farming/fishing/forestry practices, city planning, etc.

Principle #4 essentially states that people are social people, and as social beings we have responsibilities to each other -- a social contract, if you will... and that people have the right to be able to meet their needs.

Give me a week and I'm sure that I'll explain it much more clearly... but that's what I've got for now!

Wednesday, August 30, 2006

I'm on a roll...

Here's some food for thought: http://www.insnet.org/ins_spoton.rxml?cust=1001&id=3048&url=&_.url

Basically it's a report coming out of a worldwide conference from July that estimates peak oil to be between 2005 and 2015; natural gas to peak between 2015 and 2025; and peak coal to happen sometime around 50 years from now. "Peak" means the point at which the earth's ability to produce (or human's ability to harvest) these fossils reaches a peak... and it's all downhill from there. So yeah. I'm sitting here in a dimly-lit though comfortable room and I walk or bike a few blocks to campus everyday. I'm doing the best I can to eat food grown locally. I bought flourescent light bulbs today for the apartment.

I think what I'd like you to think about -- if you're willing to do that for a minute -- is what you would like to leave behind when your time on earth ends. (Hopefully that will be a long, long time from now!!) When I answer the question... I want to leave the world in a little better shape than when I entered it... to maybe live a life that does more good than harm. I think that's what we all want in some way or another, right? So just think about what little things you can do... those of you who are reading this, I know you can't not drive to work... but maybe you could use compact flourescent bulbs? Keep buying as much as you can from the farmer's market instead of the grocery store? Reuse plastic bags. Don't burn gargage (burn barrels are REALLY bad.)

Side note -- the recycling here is pretty complex... I'm still getting it figured out... 2-3 bins for glass, 1-2 bins for metals, 1 for compost, 1 for combustibles (they can be incinerated with harmful stuff being taken out through the process), 1 for paper, and 1 for plastic. It makes sense, and it seems to work.

Ok. I'm done for now... getting off my soapbox...

Tuesday, August 29, 2006

USA elections

How I came across this, I'm not even sure... but it irks me, and it should you, too... following is an excerpt from a Rolling Stone article:

"The issue of what happened in 2004 is not an academic one. For the second election in a row, the president of the United States was selected not by the uncontested will of the people but under a cloud of dirty tricks. Given the scope of the GOP machinations, we simply cannot be certain that the right man now occupies the Oval Office -- which means, in effect, that we have been deprived of our faith in democracy itself.

American history is littered with vote fraud -- but rather than learning from our shameful past and cleaning up the system, we have allowed the problem to grow even worse. If the last two elections have taught us anything, it is this: The single greatest threat to our democracy is the insecurity of our voting system. If people lose faith that their votes are accurately and faithfully recorded, they will abandon the ballot box. Nothing less is at stake here than the entire idea of a government by the people.

Voting, as Thomas Paine said, ''is the right upon which all other rights depend.'' Unless we ensure that right, everything else we hold dear is in jeopardy.

Read the full (lengthy!) article at: http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10432334/was_the_2004_election_stolen/1

I really don't care whether Bush or Kerry is running the country... (neither would be my choice!). But I DO CARE if election results are being tampered with -- and this is something that must be fixed. It seems to me that there is overwhelming evidence that something was not right leading up to the 2004 election... and you're telling me that in the most technologically advanced country in the world with the most mighty military we can't even run an honest election?? HOLY SHIT, we're in trouble! And this is TWO ELECTIONS IN A ROW!

How does that saying go -- "There's an old saying in Tennessee — I know it's in Texas, probably in Tennessee — that says, fool me once, shame on — shame on you. Fool me — you can't get fooled again."

Will the American people ever stand up and refuse to continue being fooled? Go to www.house.gov or www.senate.gov, find contact info for your senators and representative, and demand that they take action NOW to ensure that the 2008 elections will accurately represent the will of the American people!

Yes, yes... class is going well... we're starting to get into the good stuff. Today was a reasonably in-depth look at what we'll study the next two months, and the good lectures kick off tomorrow with Karl-Henrik Robert coming to speak -- he's the founder of The Natural Step. I suppose that I'll probably start getting more into the topics that we are discussing in class... even though it's more blood-curdling to read about US elections...

Monday, August 28, 2006

Weekend update + Day 1

I have no idea where to start... there's so many good and exciting things going on!

Saturday morning started with a trip to the farmer's market in town, where I picked up a few tomatos, apples, potatos, and some bread -- including cinnamon rolls and a sweet lemon bread that was delicious! After the market I made my way back home (about a 3 km / 2 mile walk that I've done several times now!) and putzed around for a little while before walking back to the other side of town to the place where we would rent our canoes and kayaks. Around 11:30 we put in -- 5 canoes and 2 two-person kayaks... and we started paddling... went in and around a few islands back toward the main part of town... then we split up... my group of 3 canoes and a kayak went toward the marina, where we stopped and ate lunch... nearly had a run in with a very large sail boat, but we all survivied. After lunch we paddled back through town, around another couple of islands, and returned to our beach. We walked back to town... tried to stop at the fish market, but it had already closed for the day... then went on home.

Sunday... was mostly a day of organizing... finally did a few things around the apartment, cleared off the stuff that I'd been piling on my desk all week, and began reading "Life of Pi" -- thought it might be good to read something fun before digging into school work for the week. Sunday evening we had a potluck -- I took twice baked potatos, which people actually seemed excited about. They were pretty good :)

Today... was the first day of class... very exciting, I must say. We started off with a brief overview of how the year would go -- very brief, considering the amount of material that we'll cover -- and then heard from one of the professors who has been working to get the program going for nearly 13 years. It was a good history to know, but I found myself wondering... (and now I'm wondering that if I write this in a public place if it will come back to haunt me, but I'm going to write it anyway...) Swedish is a language that sounds sort of sing-songy... native speakers of Swedish vary the tone of the voice to mean different things, and it has a very soothing and happy sound when they speak. Yet the person who spoke today spoke in a very flat, monotonous tone... it would be so great of a little of the vocal variety that is used for Swedish could also be used in English if for nothing other than to keep our attention! Guess that's what lectures are all about, right?

In the afternoon, we used a process known as Open Space Technology... I'm not sure why "technology" is in the title, there really isn't anything terrible techincal about it... basically it provides an opportunity for a group to self-divide into smaller groups to discuss topics that are of interest to those in the smaller groups. It starts by having a few people suggest the topics that they are interested in talking about; then the remainder of the large group selects a smaller group to join... and we're off! Great conversations this way from a variety of people... and if you get into a small group and find that it's not what you wanted to talk about - you just get up and go to a different small group!

Joined 6 others for a great dinner tonight at one of the classmate's apartment... much of dinner conversation related back to discussions from throughout the day... seems like we are very eager to continue sharing of our experiences and relating it to the topic of sustainability and leadership. I wonder how long that will continue -- and if one day we will grow tired of it to the point that we have to ban all school-related topics from our dinner parties?

Sunday, August 27, 2006

"The War"

Let me begin by saying that there are certainly things that I would prefer to write about, but because “the war” is an issue that I’ve been thinking about a fair amount the last few days, in particular because of an email that my dad forwarded to me – I thought I would share. First, the forwarded email – which in my understanding from urbanlegends.com was not actually written by Dr. Chong but was later mistakenly attributed to him – and then my thoughts. You will note that I have not commented on the anti-Muslim slant from which the quoted message below is written – I really don’t know what to say about it. My only hope is that someone wanting to generalize to the level of 1.5 billion people might also take time to consider all of the atrocities of history that have been attributed to the Christian tradition. Anyway – here’s the forwarded email, followed by my own thoughts:

THE WAR

Please take the time to read the attached essay by Dr. Chong. It is without a doubt the most articulate and convincing writing I have read regarding the War in Iraq. If you have any doubts please open your mind to his essay and give a fair evaluation. I had no idea who Dr. Chong is or the source of these thoughts... so when I received them, I almost deleted them - as well-written as they are. But then I did a "Google search" on the Doctor and found him to be a retired Air Force Surgeon of all things and past Commander of Wilford Hall Medical Center in San Antonio.

So he is real, is connected to Veterans affairs in California, and these are his thoughts. They are worth reading and thinking about! (the same Google search will direct you to some of his other thought-provoking writings.)

Subject: Muslims, terrorist and the USA. A different spin on Iraq war. This WAR is for REAL!

Dr. Vernon Chong, Major General, USAF, Retired

Tuesday, July 12, 2005

To get out of a difficulty, one usually must go through it. Our country is now facing the most serious threat to its existence, as we know it, that we have faced in your lifetime and mine (which includes WWII). The deadly seriousness is greatly compounded by the fact that there are very few of us who think we can possibly lose this war and even fewer who realize what losing really means.

First, let's examine a few basics:

1. When did the threat to us start?

Many will say September 11, 2001. The answer as far as the United State is concerned is 1979, 22 years prior to September 2001, with the following attacks on us:
* Iran Embassy Hostages, 1979;
* Beirut, Lebanon Embassy 1983;
* Beirut, Lebanon Marine Barracks 1983;
* Lockerbie, Scotland Pan-Am flight to New York 1988;
* First New York World Trade Center attack 1993;
* Dhahran, Saudi Arabia Khobar Towers Military complex 1996;
* Nairobi, Kenya US Embassy 1998;
* Dares Salaam, Tanzania US Embassy 1998;
* Aden, Yemen USS Cole 2000;
* New York World Trade Center 2001;
* Pentagon 2001.

(Note that during the period from 1981 to 2001 there were 7,581 terrorist attacks worldwide).

2. Why were we attacked?

Envy of our position, our success, and our freedoms. The attacks happened during the administrations of Presidents Carter, Reagan, Bush 1, Clinton and Bush 2. We cannot fault either the Republicans or Democrats as there were no provocations by any of the presidents or their immediate predecessors, Presidents Ford or Carter.

3. Who were the attackers?

In each case, the attacks on the US were carried out by Muslims.

4. What is the Muslim population of the World?

25%.

5. Isn't the Muslim Religion peaceful?

Hopefully, but that is really not material. There is no doubt that the predominately Christian population of Germany was peaceful, but under the dictatorial leadership of Hitler (who was also Christian), that made no difference. You either went along with the administration or you were eliminated. There were 5 to 6 million Christians killed by the Nazis for political reasons (including 7,000 Polish priests). (see http ://www.nazis.testimony.co.uk/7-a.htm ) Thus, almost the same number of Christians were killed by the Nazis, as the six million holocaust Jews who were killed by them, and we seldom heard of anything other than the Jewish atrocities. Although Hitler kept the world focused on the Jews, he had no hesitancy about killing anyone who got in his way of exterminating the Jews or of taking over the world - German, Christian or any others. Same with the Muslim terrorists. They focus the world on the US, but kill all in the way -- their own people or the Spanish, French or anyone else. The point here is that just like the peaceful Germans were of no protection to anyone from the Nazis, no matter how many peaceful Muslim s there may be, they are no protection for us from the terrorist Muslim leaders and what they are fanatically bent on doing -- by their own pronouncements -- killing all of us "infidels." I don't blame the peaceful Muslims. What would you do if the choice was shut up or die?

6. So who are we at war with?

There is no way we can honestly respond that it is anyone other than the Muslim terrorists. Trying to be politically correct and avoid verbalizing this conclusion can well be fatal. There is no way to win if you don't clearly recognize and articulate who you are fighting.

So with that background, now to the two major questions:

1. Can we lose this war?

2. What does losing really mean?

If we are to win, we must clearly answer these two pivotal questions. We can definitely lose this war, and as anomalous as it may sound, the major reason we can lose is that so many of us simply do not fathom the answer to the second question - What does losing mean? It would appear that a great many of us think that losing the war means hanging our heads, bringing the troops home and going on about our business, like post Vietnam. This is as far from the truth as one can get.

What losing really means is: We would no longer be the premier country in the world. The attacks will not subside, but rather will steadily increase. Remember, they want us dead, not just quiet. If they had just wanted us quiet, they would not have produced an increasing series of attacks against us, over the past 18 years. The plan was clearly, for terrorist to attack us, until we were neutered and submissive to them. We would of course have no future support from other nations, for fear of reprisals and for the reason that they would see, we are impotent and cannot help them. They will pick off the other non-Muslim nations, one at a time. It will be increasingly easier for them. They already hold Spain hostage. It doesn't matter whether it was right or wrong for Spain to withdraw its troops from Iraq. Spain did it because the Muslim terrorists bombed their train and told them to withdraw the troops. Anything else they want Spain to do will be done. Spain is finished. The next will probably be France. Our one hope on France is that they might see the light and realize that if we don't win, they are finished too, in that they can't resist the Muslim terrorists without us. However, it may already be too late for France. France is already 20% Muslim and fading fast!

If we lose the war, our production, income, exports and way of life will all vanish as we know it. After losing, who would trade or deal with us, if they were threatened by the Muslims. If we can't stop the Muslims, how could anyone else? The Muslims fully know what is riding on this war, and therefore are completely committed to winning, at any cost. We better know it too and be likewise committed to winning at any cost.

Why do I go on at such lengths about the results of losing? Simple. Until we recognize the costs of losing, we cannot unite and really put 100% of our thoughts and efforts into winning. And it is going to take that 100% effort to win.

So, how can we lose the war? Again, the answer is simple. We can lose the war by "imploding." That is, defeating ourselves by refusing to recognize the enemy and their purpose, and really digging in and lending full support to the war effort. If we are united, there is no way that we can lose. If we continue to be divided, there is no way that we can win!

Let me give you a few examples of how we simply don't comprehend the life and death seriousness of this situation. President Bush selects Norman Mineta as Secretary of Transportation. Although all of the terrorist attacks were committed by Muslim men between 17 and 40 years of age, Secretary Mineta refuses to allow profiling. Does that sound like we are taking this thing seriously? This is war! For the duration, we are going to have to give up some of the civil rights we have become accustomed to. We had better be prepared to lose some of our civil rights temporarily or we will most certainly lose all of them permanently. And don't worry that it is a slippery slope. We gave up plenty of civil rights during WWII, and immediately restored them after the victory and in fact added many more since then.

Do I blame President Bush or President Clinton before him? No, I blame us for blithely assuming we can maintain all of our Political Correctness, and all of our civil rights during this conflict and have a clean, lawful, honorable war. None of those words apply to war. Get them out of your head. Some have gone so far in their criticism of the war and/or the Administration that it almost seems they would literally like to see us lose. I hasten to add that this isn't because they are disloyal. It is because they just don't recognize what losing means.

Nevertheless, that conduct gives the impression to the enemy that we are divided and weakening. It concerns our friends, and it does great damage to our cause. Of more recent vintage, the uproar fueled by the politicians and media regarding the treatment of some prisoners of war, perhaps exemplifies best what I am saying. We have recently had an issue, involving the treatment of a few Muslim prisoners of war, by a small group of our military police. These are the type prisoners who just a few months ago were throwing their own people off buildings, cutting off their hands, cutting out their tongues and otherwise murdering their own people just for disagreeing with Saddam Hussein. And just a few years ago these same type prisoners chemically killed 400,000 of their own people for the same reason. They are also the same type of enemy fighters, who recently were burning Americans, and dragging their charred corpses through the streets of Iraq. And still more recently, the same type of enemy that was and is providing videos to all news sources internationally, of the beheading of American prisoners they held. Compare this with some of our press and politicians, who for several days have thought and talked about nothing else but the "humiliating" of some Muslim prisoners -- not burning them, not dragging their charred corpses through the streets, not beheading them, but "humiliating" them. Can this be for real?

The politicians and pundits have even talked of impeachment of the Secretary of Defense. If this doesn't show the complete lack of comprehension and understanding of the seriousness of the enemy we are fighting, the life and death struggle we are in and the disastrous results of losing this war, nothing can. To bring our country to a virtual political standstill over this prisoner issue makes us look like Nero playing his fiddle as Rome burned -- totally oblivious to what is going on in the real world. Neither we, nor any other country, can survive this internal strife.

Again I say, this does not mean that some of our politicians or media people are disloyal. It simply means that they are absolutely oblivious to the magnitude, of the situation we are in and into which the Muslim terrorists have been pushing us, for many years. Remember, the Muslim terrorists stated goal is to kill all infidels! That translates into ALL non-Muslims -- not just in the United State, but throughout the world. We are the last bastion of defense. We have been criticized for many years as being 'arrogant.' That charge is valid in at least one respect. We are arrogant in that we believe that we are so good, powerful and smart, that we can win the hearts and minds of all those who attack us, and that with both hands tied behind our back, we can defeat anything bad in the world! We can't! If we don't recognize this, our nation as we know it will not survive, and no other free country in the world will survive if we are defeated.

And finally, name any Muslim countries throughout the world that allow freedom of speech, freedom of thought, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, equal rights for anyone -- let alone everyone, equal status or any status for women, or that have been productive in one single way that contributes to the good of the world. This has been a long way of saying that we must be united on this war or we will be equated in the history books to the self-inflicted fall of the Roman Empire . If, that is, the Muslim leaders will allow history books to be written or read.

If we don't win this war right now, keep a close eye on how the Muslims take over France in the next 5 years or less. They will continue to increase the Muslim population of France and continue to encroach little by little, on the established French traditions. The French will be fighting among themselves, over what should or should not be done, which will continue to weaken them and keep them from any united resolve. Doesn't that sound eerily familiar? Democracies don't have their freedoms taken away from them by some external military force. Instead, they give their freedoms away, politically correct piece by politically correct piece. And they are giving those freedoms away to those who have shown, worldwide that they abhor freedom and will not apply it to you or even to themselves, once they are in power. They have universally shown that when they have taken over, they then start brutally killing each other over who will be the few who control the masses. Will we ever stop hearing from the politically correct, about the "peaceful Muslims"?

I close on a hopeful note, by repeating what I said above. If we are united, there is no way that we can lose. I hope now after the election, the factions in our country will begin to focus on the critical situation we are in, and will unite to save our country. It is your future we are talking about! Do whatever you can to preserve it.

After reading the above, we all must do this not only for ourselves, but our children, our grandchildren, our country and the world. Whether Democrat or Republican, conservative or liberal and that includes the Politicians and media of our country and the free world! Please forward this to any you feel may want, or NEED to read it. Our "leaders" in Congress ought to read it, too. There are those that find fault with our country, but it is obvious to anyone who truly thinks through this, that we must UNITE!

Here's a website that provides a decent summary of my perspective, even though it's written by someone from another country: http://www.krysstal.com/democracy_whyusa_usa.html

Essentially the site shares many of the great things about the USA, but also lists some not-so-great things -- including many actions that I perceive to be quite hypocritical -- and has a link to US military interventions toward the bottom.

Personally, I have a couple of very significant problems with the war in Iraq.

First - when did the "war on terror" become the "war in Iraq"? We've missed a step here -- terrorism is not tied to a single country, and yet the focus of the war has been shifted to a single country... this is bad, as it takes our focus of where it should be -- terrorism -- and puts it on a single nation. Perhaps more importantly, the war that the US is currently engaged in is not part of a larger, articulated strategy for how the world moves forward. A good leader doesn't focus on what is good for him/herself for the short term. For the last several decades, all that the US has focused on is the short-term financial gains of the US. It can't continue to be that way. Period. As the world's only current super power, the US must focus on what is best for the world as a whole -- not losing sight of the US’s own interests, but not putting those interests in front of the rest of the world's. The problem with not having a larger/broader, articulated strategy is that the US does not know where it is trying to go, nor why it is trying to go there. Examples: Oil is not sustainable over the long term. We know that -- we disagree on whether we'll have sufficient supplies of it for 20 years or 100 years, but we know that at some point the world will run out if current consumption trends continue (or increase!).

If we are to be responsible, we have an obligation to preserve supplies and to pursue sustainable sources of energy. The environment is another example -- there are many things that simply are not sustainable that we are still doing, and it means that we won't have a world in which to live someday... whether it's one generation from now or 10 generations from now... our responsibility is to ensure that we leave things in the same or better condition than we found them. That isn't happening. Whether it's Iowa's topsoil washing down the river, CO2 levels in the atmosphere, water quality, landfills, or any number of other issues... we have significant issues that we ought to be focusing on finding ways to address them that are not simply going to cause more, bigger problems down the road.

How does this get back to the war? A couple of ways.

First -- allocation of resources -- Andy says it well: The following is a weekly 60 Minutes commentary by CBS News correspondent Andy Rooney.

I'm not really clear how much a billion dollars is but the United States — our United States — is spending $5.6 billion a month fighting this war in Iraq that we never should have gotten into. We still have 139,000 soldiers in Iraq today. More than 2,000 Americans have died there. For what? Now we have the hurricanes to pay for. One way our government pays for a lot of things is by borrowing from countries like China. Another way the government is planning to pay for the war and the hurricane damage is by cutting spending for things like Medicare prescriptions, highway construction, farm payments, AMTRAK, National Public Radio and loans to graduate students.

Do these sound like the things you'd like to cut back on to pay for Iraq? I'll tell you where we ought to start saving: on our bloated military establishment. We're paying for weapons we'll never use. No other Country spends the kind of money we spend on our military. Last year Japan spent $42 billion. Italy spent $28 billion, Russia spent only $19 billion. The United States spent $455 billion. We have 8,000 tanks for example. One Abrams tank costs 150 times as much as a Ford station wagon. We have more than 10,000 nuclear weapons — enough to destroy all of mankind. We're spending $200 million a year on bullets alone. That's a lot of target practice. We have 1,155,000 enlisted men and women and 225,000 officers. One officer to tell every five enlisted soldier what to do. We have 40,000 colonels alone and 870 generals. We had a great commander in WWII, Dwight Eisenhower. He became President and on leaving the White House in 1961, he said this: “We must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist. …" Well, Ike was right. That's just what’s happened.

So we're spending $5.6 billion per month to fight a war in Iraq. But why? And the essay attributed to Dr. Chong -- doesn't answer that question because its premise is incorrect.

Our country is now facing the most serious threat to its existence, as we know it, that we have faced in your lifetime and mine (which includes WWII). I think that is a correct statement -- but the threat is not terrorism... the threat is ourselves. We're leisurely and wasteful to an extreme. We eat crap for food and have all sorts of health issues because of it. We laugh at education and encourage Ebonics. We do everything we can to maximize shareholder's financial value while turning a blind eye to the implications it has on the natural world and the people that are part of that natural world. We don't know what democracy means -- as evidenced by the fact that we think as an outside country we can turn Iraq into a democracy... (have we forgotten how hard we had to fight to gain our own independence 230 years ago? It has to come from within!!) We build houses that are intended to last 60-80 years... I come to Europe and am welcomed into a home with "Welcome to my home. It is older than your country" and I see churches that were built 900 years ago. It's easy to point a finger at terrorism as being THE issue, but in the big picture -- terrorism is the speck in our brother's eye; our own lethargy -- our wastefulness, our short memory -- is the log in our own eye.

Right now, the US is in its teenage years as far as a country goes... the self-centeredness and arrogance that go along with being a teenager are exemplified everywhere. It's a tough place to be, and a tough time to live -- not physically so much, but rather emotionally. The exciting thing is that we'll soon start to mature as a country -- and when we do, we'll be energetic enough and ambitious enough to do some really, really neat things that improve the quality of life for everyone in the US and the world. I'm more optimistic as I write this than I've ever been when discussing "the war" -- because as I write, I'm realizing how relatively unimportant it is. It's incredibly wasteful, and it's a shame that we aren't better utilizing our wealth...